During a study of social behavior,
participants were evaluated through a number of tests that measured
their social skills, their brain structure, and its function. They
were presented with videos of people's faces, beginning with a
neutral expression that gradually changed into an emotional
expression--the participants just needed to press a button when they
were confident of how that person was feeling. Participants with
greater methylation of the OXT gene (and thus, had lower oxytocin
levels) were less accurate in their descriptions of the emotional
states of the people in the videos and pictures. This same
characteristic is associated with autism. Participants also had their
brains scanned with an MRI during some of the testing, and the
results showed reduced activity in areas of the brain associated with
sociability. It was also discovered that the participants had reduced
amounts of grey matter in areas important for face processing and
social cognition.
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